Device for spraying paints, lacquers, and other liquids



A. H. DOWNS DEVICE FOR SPRAYING PAINTS, LACQUERS AND OTHER LIQUIDS 2 Sheets-Sheet l June 25, 1935.

Filed Oct. 50, 1930 l Z8 Z 38 Z9 39 Z 62 3430 3g 40 50 59 36 63 55 Il? 53 so 3 43 4g 7 54 zzz 3741 5149 43 444 45 115 f wf* E if 112 52 110 '5 5 Z 7 5 Z 55 109 68 3 j 17 i Z1 I: 9 Z0 INVENTR ATTORN EY5 June 25, 1935.

DEVICE FOR SPRAYING PAINTS, LACQUERS AND OTHER lLIQUIDS Filed oct. 501930 2 sheets-Sheet 2f MM-ZM ATTORNEYs [Um-TED.STATES PATEN Patented June 25, 1935 DEvroE ro' SPRAYING PAINTS, lLlioQUlms,v

. OTHER'LIQUIDS v if vAustin H. Downs, Newark, N. J., assigner to Eclipse Air BrushA Company, `Inc.,]l\lewark,' N. J.,

a corporation of New Jersey g i Application octobersa i930., scral'No..492,126-v l l y 12"'o1aims. f (or. 29e-#sa y Thisiinventionrelates t0 imDrOV-IIICDGS in de? Figure 7Vrepresentsfiafvertical sectional. view vicesfor spraying paintslacquers or other liquids,

aswell `as heavy liquids, semi-pastes, etc.,and while'it is` designed principally for coating `for decoration and protection, has uses in Aother arts aswell.

The `principal object of this invention is the.

provision of. a device, which may be used either with a pressure vliquid cup or container, or With a tank of liquid material under pressure.

Another object of the invention istheprovision of such a device which is simple and compactin construction and which may be readilyassembled and disassembled and which is highly eiiicient in operationandrsimply and readily controlled `to use a. minimum amount of material and ay minimum amount of pressure toaccomplish the best results.- v l I y I Further objects include improvements in details of construction which are hereinafter set forth infull. y

:To the accomplshmentvof` the foregoingand such other objects as may hereinafter appear, this inventionconsists n the construction, combinar.v

tion and `arrangement of parts hereinafter described and then sought to be defined inthe appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof and which show, merelyfor the purpose of illustrative disclosure, a preferredA embodiment of my invention, it being expressly understood, however, that various changesy may be made in practice within the scope of the claims Without digressing from my inventive idea.

Inthe drawings- Y g Figure l represents a side elevation of a device constructed .to embody my invention with a-pressure liquid cup or container attached thereto. l

Figure 2 represents an enlarged verticallongif' tudinal section taken through the device shown in Figure 1, and. also includes `a nut member which is used torep'lace the one shown in positionv in Figure 2 when the'pressure cup Lor container is to be dispensed.with.-

Figure 3 represents a bottom plan view of the,A

nut member shown in position in Figure 2.

Figure 4 representsA a vbottom plan view of the nut member which replaces the nut member shown in position in .Figure 2,` when the pressure cup is dispensed with. 'l Figure 5 representsan exploded view vof the various parts comprising therdevice shown in'v Figure 2` most ofthe parts being shown in section. Figure 'represents a horizontal cross sectional viewvtaken on line 6 6 ofiligurey 2. y

handle portion 3., fthe handle .portionextending' downwardlyy from the'barrel -portion and 'inclined slightly tothe `rear'so that the device has some-- what ltheA appearance of an automatic revolver,` thehandleportion providing a suitable and comfortable gripforthe operator'.

' Devices of thiskind are employed to spray material principally for coating purposes, the material usuallybeing fluid and atomized by air under pressure.- `This material is fed to the point of atomizationy `by pressure andA consequently the device is provided with ports, "passages and valves togetherwith operating mediafpr controlling the admission and passage of the pressure iluid as well as 4 the fluid material, and the atomization` of.

the same. A4 connectionl to a suitable source ofair, or other fluid Ypressure is made with-the threaded nipple 5 vonthe lower. end ofk the handle portion 3. Usually this uid pressure is;auto matically Vmaintained at asset or predetermined iigureby suitable regulatingv means, as is well understood and practiced inthe art f This nipple 5 leads to the ,portofpassage 6 which extendsupWardlythrough-the interior of the handle 3r to they airinlet valve chamber chamber isA formed by boring or drilling passages 8` and,9 horizontally through the lower rear portion of the barrel part from the lrear end vand toand into the spacejlll inan intermediate por-A tion thereof. This Space I0 is adapted to receive` awtgriggerrv I-I andpermit its operative movement therein. `It is to be noted that passage 8 of a This valve TVO-mcs largerdiameterthan passage 8 and that a shoulder, or seat,l I `5` is formed y which will y againr be referredto later. In the forwardiend of passage 9l is mounted a bushing I 2, which bushing is provided Witha longitudinal bore or passage I3. 1 A Valve yIll adaptedv to be seated against the seat orshoulder*'ISA-formedbetween passages 8y and 9; abovereferred ,wand ris providedwith the plunger or-rodll slidablymounted-in said `bore or passagegl3 Aand extending out 4into the space I0 to be engaged by the trigger I I, as will more fully rhereinafter appear.; The valve I4 is norfmallymaintained onfits seat -by means of the pressure of spring lIl whichr is positioned about thestud ,I8r `on the end ofthe valve bearing against thegvalve shoulder I9, at one; end `and resting within a"socket-,20Lformed in the V` inner screwed home.

6 `opens into the air chamber 8 atthefrear sideY` of the valve and that the air passage 61s provided with a lateral opening Yleading tofthefair port or passage 21- formed in the barrely portion 2 and leading forward. It is also to be noted that the valve plunger or rod e I6 'has extended bearing in the bushing I2. 'The spring I1nor--lv `mally holds the Valve I4 on its seat but when the trigger I I is moved rearwardly itengages the end of the plunger I6 and moves the valve I4 off its.;3

seat, permitting the passage of air from the air inlet into therforward leadingair port or passage I ,The barrel pcrtionl extends forwardlyand in Va horizontal 4direction from the-handle portion 3fand isprovid'ed'with an aperturedlug or flange' 28 to fprovidev a convenient.' hanging arrange-i ment.V 1 The trigger I I ispivoted within the barrel portion as. at 29 for. allongitudinal swinging movementv and the space I6 is in the formof a slot ex tendingfrom a point-'near the upper edge ofthe barrel portion, down through Vthe barrel portion until itopensthrough the lowe'r edgeof the barrel portion. i

f. The barrel is bored centrauyandiongmidinauy to provide the packing glandand spring chamber, 30; fwhichextends for a considerable distance from-thezrear end thereof, 'and also to provide a forward compartment 3-I which 'extends into the barrel from the frontend to its junction-f with the chamber T30. y"A packing Agland or sleeve 32 .is' mounted within said chamber Aorcompartment' 30 .andhas one end concaved` or bevelled as at 33,. which;` when .fassembled inf .position,: .is spacedI from the shoulder 34,*which is Yformed at the junction between the'two-cha'mbers or compartments' V36L and-3|, as the formeris of greater diameter.

This space'- is filled with a Vsuitablev packing -material which Lsurrounds.theliquid valve rod or stem'i^36,'which passes through anvope'ning 31j inthe e'nd'of the packing. gland' or sleeve-32, thus affording a bearing' for said 'valve rod. `Near itsl rearfend thisfvalve rod is provided with a pair? of spaced-shoulders orabutinentsSB and 39 which are circular or annularin shape andare adapted Ito slid'ably engage the interior surface-of they packing' gland or'A sleeve 32, and between .these spaced shoulders or abutments 4`I provide` an' elongated slot or recess 46 adapted to permit the' passage of the-ftrigger IIftherethrough The' packinggland c r'sleeve is provided on each sidej with elongated slots for openings 4I, with which said elongated slot or recess inthe valve stem 36 "isl in falinement, andwlich likewise permitthe passage off the trigger therethrough.` The extreme rear en d oiftlie` rod-1`36ris1interior1y bored and screw-threaded as atf42,` this bore leading entirely through 'the'v rear end 'portion and into the elongated slot'or recess 40.- j'lhis'tlireaded openingv 42-receives` the screw-threaded en'd y-43l 'of' the adjusting'v rod 44 which'extends 'rearward and is shown as beingv hexagonal in shape. passing through aV corresponding vboi-c45 in a knurled adjusting nut or member-46. ofcourse; it is to be understood that while I'show the adjusting rod 44 as'hexagonalincross-- section and the bore 245 of the member 46 as of similar cross section, these are merely preferred forms and a slidable connection between these two parts may be afforded in various other ways.

engage the int-erior threads 49 formed in the rear end portion of the chamber or compartment 30. This sleeve member41 extends into engagement with the rear end of vthe packing gland and sleeve member 32 which is reduced as at 50 to fit a complementary reduced portion 5I formed invteriorly in the forward end of the sleeve 41.

The sleeve`41 having screw-threaded engagement The sleeve member 41 is exteriorly screw-threaded as at 48 to with thev barrel and bearing against the rear end of the packinggland or sleeve 32, provides the means for varying the pressure on the packing material which is positioned in front of the packing gland or sleeve 32 so as to prevent leakage of the fluid material through the various parts. 'The nut member 46 has a stud or projection S21-extending through the opening in theend of'v sleeve 41 and is provided with the` shoulder 54 engagingfcomplementary shoulder 55` on the inside of the sleeve 41. The member 46 is; freely rotatable in the end of sleevev 41. A spring member 56 is positioned about the adjusting rod 44 and the extreme rear fend'portion of thev valve rod 36 andv engages the end of the nutmember 46 on theon'ehand and thel'rear shoulder or abutment 39 of the liquid valve rod on'the other hand. This spring, therefore,` affords pressure for maintaining the valve on the` end of the liquid valve `rod 36 onitsseat, as will be presently described. Furthermore, rotation ofthe nut member 46 and the adjusting plunger 44 will vary the distance between the end of the nut member 46and the rear shoulder or abutment SS'andthus vary the.

tension of the spring 56. The forward end 51 of the adjusting' Vplungerf4lrlk extends through-.the rear-end portion of the liquid valverod into the elongated slot or recess 4I), so as to be engageddirectly by the trigger I I when pulled or moved rearwardly. 1 Therefore, theadjustment of the adjusting` rod'44 willvary theY distance the endr 51 thereof projects into the elongatedl slot or recess 46 and determine the, time when the trigger engages the said end and also vary the length of throw-ofthe liquid controlling valve, it being n understoodthat the relativetime of openingfthe air and 'the'liquid control valveand the amount ofopening of these-valves are `material-and important factors in the operation of' this'device.

lThelforward end of the valve rod 36 is provided with the tapered or bevelledp'valve yhead 58 and thel forward portion of the valve rod isJ positioned within a liquid 'material receiving chamber or compartment .5S-which is provided in the frontsleeve member 66. This front sleeve member ifhasan'elongated portion exteriorly 4screwthreaded as at- 6I lcorresponding screw-threads 62 formed Qon the inner surface of the bore or passage 3I formed in the front end portionof the barrel portion 2.- The rear end ,of this sleeve 6I)A is solid except for a boreorpassage 63( through" which the liquid;` valve plunger passes andv in whichitha'sa bearing. It is to be noted thati this bearing is'ofzconsiderable extent 'andwith the bearing. afforded by the end- 33 ofthe packing. gland lor sleevev 32securely holds the valve rod or plunger 36 in proper alinement andaffords an extended bearing surface ofy hard and longwearing material. i

The forward end sa of embody pmion z is provided-,with a ,downwardly extending portion 65 which has'an elongated 'passage 66 therey tion 19 of the sleeve member 18 is adapted to through. in 'liner-withthe liquid material receiving chamber orcompartment 59..'Positionedfto therear of this passage 66 vis an enlarged threadedfopening 81' into which the air passage 21 is adaptedv to open. vExtending 'from this threaded opening 61 -is an upwardly directed passage 68 which is adapted to conduct air pressure to the nozzle member of the gun;l The threadedopening 61 is adapted to receive either of the'nuts 69er 10 according towhether or not a pressure cup is utilized with the device. The nuts will'be more Vfully described. in connection with the pressure cup. 5

The extension 65 tapers at itslower portion, as at' 1|, and is provided with the shoulder 12 intermediate its ends. Lower portion 13 .of the tapered portion of the extensionis externally threaded `as. at 14 and is 'adapted Ato receive ay pipe or'tube 15 adapted to deliver liquid -material to the passage 66 inthe extensionr 65. The ex-y tension may be .used with a pressure cuporvcontainer 16 provided' with-a; top or'lid llhaving an elongated fsleeve'member 18 which is adaptedto'` surround the lowerfportion'. of the extension; 65 on the body portion 2 oflthe gun. The top porabut the shoulder portion 12 of the extension.

'I'he upperend of the elongated sleevemember 18 is provided with an. apertured lateralext'ension' 8|, the top surface ofvwhich is in thefsame plane as the upper vend of the slee'vefportion 18 so that the upper end ofthe sleeveportion andv the lateral extension may abut the lower portion of the extension 65 on the bottom thereof. The opening 82 through the lateral extension 8l 'is formed with bores of different diameters'to provide the shoulder 83 which is adapted to receive the flange 84 on the nut 69. The opening 82 is adapted to vbev brought into alinement with the threaded opening 61 inthe extension 65 of the gun. The nut69 is provided with a plurality of radial slits or slots 85 whichv extend inwardly from the surface of thejannular threaded portion 86. 'Ihe portion between the head 81 and the threaded portion 86 is cut away or grooved as at 88 to form an air passage or conduit with the slots 85 so that when the nut 69 is threaded into 'the opening 61, air may `be conducted throughfthe-slots and through the cut grooved portion 88.

f The connecting portion 89 between the sleeve member 18 and the lateral extension 8| is provided with a channel or groove 90, and is adapted to form part of a conduit extending from the interior of the sleeve member 18 to the threaded opening 61 by means'of the slots 85 and cutaway portion 88'in the nut 69, so that air pressure may be communicated to the cup.

`The pipeor tubular member 15 has an integral ilange 92at its vupper end vand is adaptedy to` be held against the lower end of the extension 65 by means of the coupling member 93 which is in threaded engagement with the lower portion 13 of the extension 65. The coupling member 93 is yprovided with an inturned flangelMv which cooperates with the collar or flange 92 on the pipe 15 to hold the parts tightly together. vIntermediate its ends, the pipe is provided with the external threaded portion 96-upon which is f threaded the nut 91. When the device is assembled with a cup or container, the nut 91 is threadedv on the pipe'and abuts the under side of the top or lid -11 of the cup or container 16 and forces the elongated sleeve member 18 against T the shoulder 12 on theextension.Y The"top or lid y11 is provided with anI annular depression or `cut away portion 98 near its edge Which-is adapted 'to receive, a washer ror gasket '99.

' The washer or gasket 99 is adapted to rest on the top` edge ofthe cup` or container` 16 and the lid or top 11 is held against the cup or container,

16 by means of the following construction. A

pluralityof bolts are connected to the outside of .the cup or container, as shown in Figure l, by means of la strap v|06 `fastened thereto,y the strap being provided with a hole |0|..to receive a bolt |02 and pivotally retain the bolt head |03 onpintle |04.1.The top or lid isprovidedwith a wing or extension-:|05 which is spaced from the lid to form a slot and which isl adapted to receive thebolt |02..A Threaded yonto the bolt |02 is a wing nut |06 which may be turned so as to hermetically seal the lid on the cup. or container.

The space between the exterior of pipe 15. and the.

sleeve member 18 of the lid 11 communicates with the, interior of the cup or Acontainer by means of the opening |01 in the lid or cover.

' When the deviceis to be used without a, pres-` sure; cup, lthe nutl 10 is screwed `into threaded opening 61 andv prevents the ,escape ofl pressure in detail inmy Patent No. 1,706,875 issued March 26, 1929. This is what I term a fan slotnozzle which is of general cylindrical form `and substantially hollow, the'meansjof attachment to the endofthe` barrel portion` of the device having previously been described. A vconically shaped passage 4lil extends throughthe major portion of the .length of the nozzle andleads to a cylindrical passage in the front end thereof.` This cylindrical passage leads to a flat fan shaped orarcuate slot ||2. The cylindrical tube" I |`3 of the fluid tipis positioned Within the cylindrical passage of the nozzle. The junction of thecylindrical passage with thefanvshaped slot ||2, it,y being understood thatthe diameter" of the cylindrical passage is greater than the width of the slot, vaffords abrupt shoulders ||5. These shoulders ||5 assist in breaking yup. the liquid by diverting the direction of flow of the airand causing the .air to undergo a sharp change o1" direction and pass into and across the stream of liquid from the iiuid tip. f

. The operation of the device willnowy bedescribedj With the pressure cup and the nut-69 in position it `will beapparent from the foregoing description that whenthe trigger v|| islpulled rearwardly the valve |9 is pushed to the rear and air `pressure is conducted through the opening 26, through conduit 21, through thethreaded opening 61 in the extension 65 of the'gun. From'l this point, the air travels in two directions, namely, one to the nozzle member by means of the conduit 88, andthe other to the pressure cup or container'l by means of the slots 85;`the

away portion or groove 90 on the lsleeve member 18. From the interior of thesleeve member the fluid under pressure passes through openingv |01 in the lid'or cover 1.1 and placestheliquidmatecut away portion 88 on the nut 69, and the cut t rial'in the cup or containerunder Vpressure and then forces the liquid up through pipe 15, open-r ing 66, andintoliquid compartment 59.which opens into the nozzle member, the outlet of liquid being controlled bythe liquid valve 36. It is to be noted that when the painting operation is stopped, and pressure released` from the trigger, the spring constructions will return the trigger to its normal position andwill first shutthe liquid'valve on its seat to prevent the. further supply of Vliquid to the nozzle and then will shut the air valve on its seat after sufiicient air has passed vthrough the device tol completely clean the same andprevent dripping.V i

When it is desired to remove the pressure cu ork container, and connect the opening 66 with a pipeV connected to a tank of liquidmaterial under pressure, the wing nuts |05 are first loosened and the cup' removed, then the nut 91 isloosened i and the nut 69 is removedgfrom the threaded opening 61 and the sleeve member 12 may be removed.v The nut 10, shown in Figure 2'ias positioned beneath nutGS; is then threaded into the threaded openingkl' and fluid under pressure t may only, travel from the air passage 21 to the threaded opening B1 and then to thenozzle member |09 of the gun by means of the VpassageV 68.

v What'I'claim is: Y n

1. In a device of thecharacter described, including inY combination, a body portionhaving a barrel'providedwith-fluid and liquid conduits,

the body portion being provided with a threaded aperture interposed insaid fluid conduit, a pressure liquid cup vor container adapted to communicate with said liquid conduit, and means for attaching said cup or container to said body portion and whereby fluid under pressure is admitted to said liquid cup or container from said threaded aperture, said means including a slotted screw memberreceived in saidthreaded aperture, saidl screw member being positioned exteriorly of said cup or container.

2. In a device of the character described, a body portion having a barrel provided with a ii'uid conduit, a liquid pressure cup or container, a lid or cover for said cup or containen, saidflid or coverfbeing provided with a sleeve portion having an apertured lateralextension, said sleeve portion and lateral extension being. provided with'y a channelor groove for conducting fluid pressure from said fluid conduit to said cup or container. 3. In adevice of the character described, al

bodyportionfhaving a barrel provided with a Iiuid conduit, a liquid pressure cup or container, a lid or ooverfor said cup or container, said lid or cover being provided with a sleeve portion having an apertured lateral extension, said sleeve portion and lateral extension being provided with means for conducting fluid pressure from said iluid conduitl to said cup' orcontainer.

4. In a device of the character described, a 'body portionl having a barrel provided with fluid and lliquid conduits, said body portion being provided with a threaded aperture interposed in said iiuid conduit, a pressure liquid cup or vcontainer adapted to communicate with said liquidconduit, a-lidor vcover forsaid cup'or container,

ing provided with means for conducting uid under pressure to said cup or container, and ak slotted screw member threaded into said thread-- ed aperture andadapted to form part ol a conduit for Vconducting pressure froml saidr threaded aperture to Vsaid cupor container.

5. In combination, a paint spraying gunhaving liquid and fluid pressure conduits with a bypass outlet communicating with said fluid pres*- sure conduit, a liquid'c'ontainer,` a cover for said container, means fordetachably connecting saidv cover and liquid container `tothe spraying gun, saidmeans includinga tube for establishing communication between, the interior of the containery and: said liquid conduitin saidv spraying the passage of fluid pressure from said by-pass outletV to the interior of said container;

6, A device of the character described including in combination, a paint spraying gun having liquid and/fluid Vpressure'vconduits with a by-pass communicating with said fluid pressure conduit, a liquid container, means fordetachably connectingthe liquid container to .the spraying.

gun,A said meansincludng tubular means for establishing communication between-the interior of the container and said liquid conduit in said spraying gun, said Acontainer being vprovided with a sleeve having a laterally extendingflange member, and a4 screw member for connecting said laterally extending flange memberto said gun in commu'nication'withsaid by-pass outlet, said screw member being slotted and said liange memberfbeing constructed soi-as to co-operatey withr said rslot in said screw member and to provide communication li'or the vpassage of fluid i pressure from said by-pass outlet tothe interior of said container, said screw member being ac y cessible kwhen the device is in assembled condition.

7. In combination, a paint spraying gun having liquid and fluid pressureconduits with a by-pass outlet communicating with said' fluid pressure conduit, a liquid container, means for` detachably connecting the liquid container' to the spraying gun` and establishing communica- Y tionbetween the interior of the container and said liquid conduit, said container being' provided with a laterally extending ange member and a screw member for connecting said laterally extending flange member to said gun in communication with said by-passoutlet, said'screwmember being provided with a plurality of slots and,

said ange member being provided with a groove,`

the slots in said screw member and the groove in said flange member co-oper'ating to provide' a conduit for the passage of iiuid pressure from a barrelprovided with fluid and liquid con-` l duits, a pressure liquidcup or container adapted to communicate with said liquid conduit, a lid or cover for said liquid cup or container, said lid or cover being provided with a, sleeve having a lateral extension adapted to communicate withthe fluid conduit of said device, vand means for connecting said extensiony to said body portion whereby YuidLunder pressure may be conducted from the iiuid conduit of thedevice through?.` said sleeve to said liquid cup or container exert pressure .on the liquid therein. s

from the iluid conduit of the device to said liquid cup or container and exert pressure on the liquid therein, said means including a multi-slotted screw member accessible when the device is in assembled condition.

10. In a device of the character described, af

body portion having a barrel provided with fluid and liquid conduits, said body portion being provided with an aperture interposed in said fluid conduit, a liquid container, tubular means for connecting said container and said liquid conduit, a cover for said container, said cover being provided with a sleeve surrounding said tubular means and having an'apertured lateral extension, the sleeve portion and lateral extension being provided with means for conducting iluid under pressure tosaid container, and an attaching member for connecting said sleeve portion and lateral extension to saidvbody portion and adapted to form part of a conduit for conducting pressure from said aperture through said sleeve portion and to said container.

11. In a device of the character described, in-

a barrel provided with fluid and liquid conduits, the body portion being provided with an aperture interposed in said iluid conduit, a pressure liquid cup or container adapted to communicate with said liquid conduit, and means associated with said aperture for attaching said cup or container to said body portion, said ymeans also` cluding in combination, a body portion having' aording communication between said fluid conduit and said cup or container whereby iluid under pressure is admitted to said cup or container, said means including a slotted screw member accessible when the device is in assembled condition.

12. Ina device of the character described, a

body portion;j having a barrel provided with iiuid and liquid conduits, said body portion being vprovided with an aperture interposed in said fluid conduit, a liquid container, tubular means for connecting said container and said liquid conduit, a cover for said container, said cover being provided with a sleeve surrounding said tubular means and having an apertured lateral extension, the sleeve portion and lateral extension being provided with means for conducting uidunder pressure to said container, and an attaching member for connecting said sleeve portion and lateral extensionto said body'portion and adapted to form part of a conduit for vconducting pressure from said aperture through said sleeve portion and to said container, said attaching member comprising a screw or bolt member provided with radial slots.

I AUSTIN H. DOWNS. 

